PhD program Essay Example for Free

PhD program Essay I would like to present my personal statement for consideration for a PhD program at the highly esteemed Brunel University. The Uk is home to the world’s leading universities and is characterized by diversify, tradition, a blend of tradition and sophistication and immense economic advantages. Studying in the Uk will make e competitive and will have a global edge over students from other countries. I choose to pursue the PhD course so as to attain further qualification in my area of expertise s I will exhibit higher competence and knowledge levels. The world is rapidly changing with individual being required to be specialists in their areas of expertise. Specialization means that distinct tasks are assigned to specific individuals. This creates a sense of responsibility and accountability thus increasing staff productivity. It will also improve my career prospects and eventually lead to my qualification for pay. I believe this is a natural human instinct to want to do better socially and is part of the self-actualization process. A postgraduate qualification will present me with the knowledge of improving efficiency in educational planning and administration. There is a lot of debate surrounding the investment in education, with eyebrows being raised on the commitment of educators to the process. It is without a doubt that educators play a central role in any integrated education system and have a powerful impact on the success of students. This is illustrated by comparison of performance of students in institution of varying quality. I choose Brunel University because it has been renowned for over forty years as a center of quality and a leader in education in terms of teaching and research. Brunel lays emphasis ion the development of life skill such as communication, which enables its students to have interpersonal skills that render them successful within personal and professional circles. This is also encourages through the rare quality of student and staff interaction. The fact that Brunel has only one campus encourages interaction and socialization of its diverse student population. This demonstrates its commitment to the development of human values. Brunel University has a reputable academic resource facility that is constantly being updated with the latest resources so as to ensure that its student fraternity is in step with the rest of the world. Technology has also been integrated into the system, as Brunel is aware of the importance of technology to education. For the postgraduate students, Brunel has an especially specially designee program that is customized to suit their individual needs. The fact that research is at the very center of Brunel’s educational approach is very attractive to me. Brunel offers the opportunity for supported research by offering the PhD students two supervisors to assist them through out their program by monitoring and assessing their progress. This assists the students to stay on track and to be able to finish their program in good time. I love my work as a teacher and failure to do so would only spell disaster for my students. I am a very humble, affectionate and pleasant person with a deep sense of commitment, devotion and loyalty to my work and my students. I have excellent organization, leadership and time management skill with an ability to multitask and prioritize competing and demanding deadlines. I am capable of working as an individual or as part of a team. I hope that you will consider me favorably and give me the opportunity to be a part of the Brunel community.

Essay example --

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome through Minority Populations Prevalence of this problem is to understand if there is a safe or acceptable level of alcohol consumption for pregnant women and to understand the role of culture with these issues. Culture refers to a scheme of living in a particular environment that have evolved among a particular group of people and transmitted within and between generations. Darwin believes that environmental pollutants cause epigenetic changes natural selection or survival of the fittest to the genetics shaping human pregnancy and the risks of babies developing diseases in the next generation. Ones we learn to see culture as dynamic rather than static we will understand the ecological context. Watson and Bandura hold similar philosophy, at best, conceptualized culture as a tool kit from which strategies for action drawn from specific purpose, poverty (Sigelman & Rider, 2013, 2009). There are several reasons for the uneasiness evoking cultural explanations, first being, to those who construe culture as a distinctive product of a particular group of people, culture can be described and interpreted because such explanations cannot be considered objective. Second, conceptual, and methodological issues that confront scientists who are will to consider culture as an explanatory variable. It is difficult to define culture, conceptually and operationally, even when its different components. Disaggregated into it is various components. Even when precise definitions are possible, social variables operate in a highly complex context, often interacting with a host of other influential variables such that it is difficult to isolate is effect. Finally, there are cultural sensitivities to consider. A search fo... ... alcohol dependence: Obstetricians and gynecologic implications, 496. (2011). Reaffirmed 2013. Retrieved January 13, 2014, from http://www.acog.org/Resources_And_Publications/Committee_Opinions/Committee_on_Health_Care_for_Underserved_Women/At-Risk_Drinking_and_Alcohol_Dependence_-_Obstetric_and_Gynecologic_Implications Hand, L. (2013). Fetal alcohol syndrome:Prevalence high in child care systems. Retrieved January 13, 2014, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/810622 May, P. A., & Gossage, J. P. (2001). Estimating the prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome: A summary, 25, 3, 159-67. Retrieved January 15, 2014, from https://login.libproxy.edmc.edu/login?url=http:/search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/222393485?accountid=34899 Sigelman, C. K., & Rider, E. A. (2013, 2009). Life-span human development (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

Reading Visual Culture Essay

When reading visual culture one can easily be led to interpret from images . Visual representations have many different meanings, the way that some interpreted Visual culture and visual representations can in a way influence, confuse or inform others of their meanings. Visual culture is found almost anywhere in the world, no one really knows when it dates back to as there is so much visual culture in history. There are many examples of visual culture in different times, churches use to use visual culture in their stained glass windows. These windows use to be quite delicate pieces of art and were once considered highly religious, this was because of what was placed inside the windows and where they were most likely to be found was in churches. This was a ‘visual’ as it was able to be seen, but in many ways what was seen may not be real. For instance many of these church windows had angles on them and this made them in a way a fantasy or non-realistic character to some. The ‘culture’ of these windows was the people who viewed these on a religious basis, in other words the ones who shared the same values about the church that the windows were found in. Although there could be some confusion when discussing visible things and visual culture. Visible things are something like a chair, whereas visual culture would be a picture of the chair. The confusion normally lies in the word visible and visual, visualising something can be done when you see a poster and all the different pictures and writing that make up that poster. The format of a visual and how it is represented can impact others in different ways. If you see a sign that is red and says stop, your brain tells you that you need to stop only because this is what it has learnt to do in some cultures. Although in another culture where the word stop is just a heap of wiggly lines and means nothing they may see the red as danger and be cautious about their actions. Another example is when you read hieroglyphics, all most that do not understand them see are images of birds and leaves, whereas the people who know the writing see them as letters and words, it is how things are represented in the mind of others or one’s self. One of the basic units in visual culture can be signs, they can be icons and symbols, and are comprised of different codes. One thing can mean another and then could lead to a serious of different events. Signs that are a well-known icon are something like Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola is a worldwide known product, it is iconic to those who see it. There are many different ways people think of Coke, one of which is the writing on the bottle and the red label that coincides with the label on the bottle. Signs are comprised of different codes, in saying this they are all in their own way a code. In the war a code was considers a bunch or mumbled up words that made no sense, it only made sense to those who understood them. This is much like signs, only those who understand the signs can read them. Referring back to the stop sign as they are symbolic codes, whereas posters are iconic codes, the reasoning for this is because one symbolises an action whilst the other is an iconic image that is there to be seen and viewed so it may draw those who view it in. Although symbolic signs and iconic signs may seem very different they can sometimes be the same.

Hunger, Malnutrition, And Malnutrition - 1102 Words

Hunger and malnutrition in Africa has been on the increase, have affected many Africans in different ways since 1900’s. Children and adults both are facing devastating hunger and malnutrition crisis across a south of Africa. Some of the regions that are strongly affected by hunger and malnutrition issues includes Countries like Ethiopia, Kenya and Zambia. Commonness of malnourishment in total populations of Kenya is 28% in Ethiopia 37% and in Zambia 45%. People in these populations are suffering from hunger and malnutrition in large numbers. In some parts of Africa parents have hard time providing nutritious food to their children due to crop failures, sky rocketing food prices and insecurity. According to the Secretary of United States General Kofi Annan mentioned that African leaders are mismanaging their abundant resources. He also stated that under use of their resources abundant resources has become the very source of Africa’s misery. The main reason for hunger and malnutrition of their people is being the lack of resources in Africa on counties in Africa. In some of the countries in Africa hunger and malnutrition have deadly effects on majority of the population. There are lot of deficiency among millions of Africans which includes malnutrition diseases like protein energy deficiency, anemia, and vitamin A deficiency, and which are effecting and killing them especially children. Africa is greatly affected by devastating epidemic called hungry, which causes of peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Hunger Of Hunger And Malnutrition1429 Words   |  6 Pagescountries are facing the burden of hunger and undernutrition/malnutrition. Tackling hunger is one of the greatest challenges of the times. Hunger is triggered by multiple dimensions and causes, ranging from deficiencies in macro- and micro-nutrients, through short-term shocks on food access, to chronic shortages. The food and agriculture sectors play a significant role in exaggerating the consequences of hunger and undernutrition. Extreme hunger and malnutrition remains a barrier to sustainable developmentRead MoreThe Dangers Of Hunger And Malnutrition1432 Words   |  6 PagesVarious countries are facing the burden of hunger and undernutrition/malnutrition. Tackling hunger is one of the greatest challenges of the times. Hunger is triggered by multiple dimensions and causes, ranging from deficiencies in macro- and micro-nutrients, through short-term shocks on food access, to chronic shortages. The food and agriculture sectors play a major role in exaggerating the consequences of hunger and undernutrition. Extreme hunger and malnutrition/undernourishment remains a barrier toRead MoreHunger, Malnutrition, And Famine937 Words   |  4 PagesProgram, 2015, para. 1). Both hunger and malnutrition serve to be the number one risk to health and well-being, more so than Aids, Tuberculosis, and Malaria combined (Food Program, 2015, para. 1). Although the planet produces enough food to feed everyone (Wright Boorse, 2014), hunger, malnutrition, and famine continue to adversely affect people in both developed and developing nations. Children are particularly susceptible to the ill effects of hunger and malnutrition as stunting or growth failureRead MoreThe Hunger And Malnutrition Problems1449 Words   |  6 Pages Innately changed sustenance’s can potentially clarify an impressive part of the hunger and malnutrition problems, and to help guarantee and ensure the nature by stretching yield and diminishing reliance upon engineered pesticides and herbicides. Yet there are various troubles ahead for governments, especially in the zones of security testing, regulation, worldwide methodology and sustenance naming. Various people feel that innate building is the unavoidable wave without limits and that we can tRead MoreEssay about Poverty, Hunger and Malnutrition1152 Words   |  5 PagesPoverty, Hunger and Malnutrition Every morning when I wake up the first thought in my mind is usually: FOOD! I often lie in bed for a few extra minutes, planning out what I am going to eat for breakfast. Seldom as I go through this routine do I stop to think about those who are less fortunate than me. I often take for granted that everyone wakes up and eats breakfast. But this is far from true, not everyone shares the luxuries that we have in the United States. Some people wake up and wonder ifRead MoreNutrition And Health : Freedom From Hunger And Malnutrition Essay2329 Words   |  10 Pages Nutrition Health Freedom from hunger and malnutrition is a basic human right and their alleviation is a fundamental prerequisite for human and national development. WHO has traditionally focused on the vast magnitude of the many forms of nutritional deficiency, along with their associated mortality and morbidity in infants, young children and mothers. However, the world is also seeing a dramatic increase in other forms of malnutrition characterized by obesity and the long-term implicationsRead MoreDiscuss How Hunger and Malnutrition Influence the Health and Development of Communities.Then Explain How Community Participation and National Political Commitment Can Help to Address the Effects of Hunger and Malnutrition2552 Words   |  11 PagesAssignment no2 Course : DVA 1601 Due date : 22 March 2013 Title: Discuss how hunger and malnutrition influence the health and development of communities. Then explain how community participation and national political commitment can help to address the effects of hunger and malnutrition. Table contents 1. Introduction 2. Definitions of health, hunger and malnutrition 3. Effects of hunger and malnutrition and how the two concepts are linked 4. How community participation canRead MoreEssay about The Problem of Malnutrition around the World1468 Words   |  6 PagesFive million children die every year from malnutrition. Approximately one in eight people suffered from chronic undernourishment from 2010-2013 (â€Å"2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics). In Bangladesh, over half of the children under five years old are malnourished and prone to its devastating side-effects (â€Å"NEED TO KNOW- The silent epidemic of malnutrition†). Throughout history and in today’s society, malnutrition is one of the biggest causes of death annually, but Medical Teams InternationalRead MoreMalnutrition Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesCassidy Burkholder Informative Paper English Comp. 1 Mr. Broadfoot 20th of November 2012 Malnutrition Around the World For most us Americans, knowing when we’re going to eat next is something we very rarely think of, and when we do think about being hungry we still know where our food is coming from. Three big meals a day, and a few snacks in between, is how most of us live. It’s hard for us to imagine what its like for those who go days eating very little or nothing at all. ButRead MoreThe St. Francis Xavier Secondary School Deca1250 Words   |  5 PagesFrancis Xavier Secondary School DECA Chapter advocated and fundraised for the leading cause for over 3 million child deaths annually: malnutrition. The campaign, entitled â€Å"Mission4Malnutrition (M4M)†, is a not-for-profit campaign which is dedicated to eliminating hunger within impoverished communities internationally. It strives to bring awareness to malnutrition, which can be defined as â€Å"the lack of sufficient nutrients which are normally obtained through food.† There are countless consequences

Persuasive Speech Problem Cause Solution - 1382 Words

Persuasive Speech Outline Carolyn Strickland COMS 101—Section B08 September 28, 2015 Organization: Problem-Cause-Solution Audience analysis: The audience consists of three of the adult teachers, one male and two females, from my Sunday school class at Pleasant Hill Christian Church. Topic: The problem I aim to address is that of the lifelong scars that affect a victim of child sexual abuse; and how it hinders one from seeking God for healing and understanding according to Scripture. Rhetorical Purpose: To inform my audience about the intense emotional secrecy resulting from childhood sexual abuse, and to persuade them that as teachers of God’s word they should be prepared to expect the unexpected while providing non-judgmental support and guidance to the victims working through issues of trust, intimacy and identity while seeking a personal relationship with Christ. Redemptive Purpose: For a number of reasons, most sexually abused children never share â€Å"the secret† of their abuse that is most often committed by someone the child knows. Therefore, crippling their lives is the loss of self-worth, overwhelmed with shame, and fearful of developing relationships that prevents them from experiencing life as God intended throughout Scripture. The solution I propose is to understand how God sees the problem while providing a safe atmosphere while share Christ-like love and compassion enabling the victims to break the power of the secret and live for Christ.Show MoreRelatedHuey Long Speech1305 Words   |  6 PagesWith all of the different opinions, how can a single person write a speech that is respected among a majority and for years to come? Now, are these speeches actually as amazing as history has made them seem or has no one challenged popular opinion?   The speech, Every Man a King, written by Huey Long has been categorized as one of the greatest speeches in history. Every Man a King uses writing techniques such as persuasion, rhetoric, and syllogisms to convey the message of spreading wealth.   LongsRead MoreAnalysis Of Nancy Reagan s Just Say No 955 Words   |  4 Pagesrecently read and analyzed a speech given by Nancy Reagan entitled â€Å"Just Say No†. In the late 1980s, around the time that Nancy Reagan gave her speech the U.S was facing a major drug problem. During that time a new drug, cocaine, was recently introduced. Because this new drug was cheap and addictive, youth drug addictions became a major problem. As a result of the drug problems many people spoke out against it, one of these individuals was Nancy Reagan in her Just Say No Speech (Decades of Drug Use:Read MorePersuasive Speech On Puppy Mills986 Words   |  4 PagesLaura Hauck Comm 101 Section 3 Paper 1 1/17/16 Self-Critique Of My Persuasive Speech I will be critiquing my persuasive speech on puppy mills. The issue of puppy mills is one that is very important to me, and I was very dedicated to my speech. My speech informed the audience of the detrimental effects that puppy mills have on dogs, possible solutions to the problem, and how the audience could help. My persuasive goal was to try and convince the audience to help put a stop to the issue of puppy millsRead MoreQuestions On Benefits Of Public Speaking1350 Words   |  6 Pagesprocess. There are ten steps in the speech-making process. The first step is â€Å"analyzing the audience†, and you do this to find out what the audience s perspectives on things, so you pick a good topic that is relatable to your audience. The second step is to â€Å"select a topic†, you want to be relatable to your audience and something you have interest in. The third step is to â€Å"determine the speech purpose† and this is what the speaker plans to accomplish during the speech. The fourth step is to â€Å"composeRead MoreEssay on Public Speech516 Words   |  3 PagesPublic Speech 1. To give a good speech you must adapt your speech to your audience. There are two steps in the adaptaion process. First, there is preparation before the speech. This is done may times by having your audience fill out an audience analysis form, this will give you the demographics on your audience and allow you to adapt your speech accordingly. The second part of adapting your speech is during the speech. This is done by paying attention to your audience while you are givingRead MoreBill Clinton Dnc Speech999 Words   |  4 PagesBill Clinton 2012 Democratic National Convention Speech As first stated by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, the art of rhetoric in persuasive speaking is based upon the usage of the three key components, logos, ethos and pathos. Logos representing the usage of logic and reasoning within the speech or text, ethos representing the writer or speaker’s credibility and pathos representing how the speaker or author establishes an emotional connection with the audience. In former president BillRead MoreTheories of Persuasion1733 Words   |  7 Pages#408000368 Kavita Singh - #408003485 Introduction Many times we listen to speeches or appeals that play on our emotions or cause us to deeply reflect and analyze ourselves, our beliefs and what we perceive as either right or wrong. This is the power behind persuasive speech. According to the University of Pittsburg, Persuasive speech is the most commonly used type of speech. The speaker should be able to connect with his/her audience. Therefore, the speaker should be aware of what the audience likesRead MoreUnited States President Dwight D. Eisenhower s Atom For Peace1311 Words   |  6 PagesSpeech Analysis United States president Dwight D. Eisenhower â€Å"Atoms for peace† speech was delivered on December 8, 1953 (during the Cold War) to the United Nations General Assembly in New York City, due to the end of World War II and the attacks of Hiroshima and Nagasaki the development of nuclear weapons were rapidly increasing and therefore, destroying the nation. I will analyze this historical speech according to the five cannons of rhetoric. Invention: Eisenhower’s goal was to explain the necessityRead MorePersonal Experience: Persuave Communication1063 Words   |  4 PagesComing into Persuasive Communication, I didn’t really know what to expect. A couple of my roommates and friends had taken and recommended the course, and I needed a second year writing GEC, so I decided to enroll in persuasive communication. My original opinion of persuasive communication was a very basic one; convincing someone to do something or to feel a certain way. However, as we progressed through the course, I realized that there was a lot more to persuasive communication than just havingRead MoreSpeech Relations in Constructivism Theory1599 Words   |  6 Pages Analysis of the speech in relation to Constructivism theory The ideas that countries float and advocate for at times of conflict usually lead to intense war or peace. In constructivism, the major idea is how structures put in place are influenced by persuasive ideas and common beliefs that countries bring into play in the international arena. Politics in the international community is a product of social construction emanating from common values and persuasive ideas as they arise from influential

The Article Why Teenagers Act Crazy By Richard Sayre...

The article â€Å"Why Teenagers Act Crazy, by Richard A. Friedman provides an extensive examination of the subject of anxiety in adolescents. Friedman’s article is written from the perspective of a doctor who has studied teenagers’ minds. (Friedman, 2014). The focus of this article is the way the average teenager’s mind works and thinks. For a very long time, there has been a mixture of questions concerning the teenage. In contrast to both children and adults, teenagers have a great degree of susceptibility to the idea that they are different and have the drive of articulating their real characters. (Friedman, 2014). However teenagers are always attempting to discover who they really are. Friedman’s article just like the lecture notes on the adolescent concurs that adolescents face much greater anxiety and fear while also encountering more difficult time learning how not be afraid as compared to both children and adults The lectures â€Å"The Child to t he Adolescent†, â€Å"The Adolescent† as well as the newspaper article are concerned with the topic of the human mind, especially its development from childhood t especially its development from childhood to adulthood. (Friedman, 2014). Friedman’s article has however narrowed down more on the subject of teenage mind. The lecture on Parenting and Sanctioning however is markedly different in its discussions from Friedman’s newspaper article Why Teenagers Act Crazy as well as the lectures â€Å"The Child to the Adolescent† and â€Å"The Adolescent†.

Disturbances and Symptom of Depression †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Disturbances and Symptom of Depression. Answer: Introduction: The way people lead their lives on a daily basis starting from what they eat and what they love doing during free time among affects the outcome of their health conditions. Almost all people including even those with development disabilities actively make decisions that influence the health and their safety as well. According to (Farhud, 2015), WHO outlines that individuals healthy living is directly correlated to their choice of a lifestyle. As a special education teacher informing people about what they are supposed to do, supporting individuals by providing them with information about what type of lifestyle is appropriate for them is essential. It involves teaching the healthy choices in their lifestyles. Studies have stressed on relations between active lifestyle with happiness (Farhud, Malmir, Khanahmadi, 2015). Leading a healthy lifestyle is a very important factor in managing people with development disabilities. It can create avenues for improvement in general health outcomes of the patients and protects them from unexpected attacks of other dangerous diseases. Specifically, helping and encouraging these kind of individuals to maintain a safe and clean environment to enhance acceptable hygiene levels, keeping them regularly active through physical activities, choosing a balanced diet full of nutritious foods, eradicating smoking, alcohol and the use of drugs; will aid them to lead a fully health life. The choice of an appropriate lifestyle enables them to have stronger health conditions and lower the risks for such conditions as obesity, high cholesterol levels, mental problem, depression, heart disease, and other related injuries among others. The lower risks of the above conditions are a clear indicator that, the individuals with development disabilities will have reduced probability of being hospitalized as a result of complications that arise from a poor lifestyle. The choice of nutritious food is the best way of staying healthy for the people with development disabilities. Health eating lowers risks of obesity and other lifestyle diseases. The healthy eating routine should consist of at least five fruit servings in a day, choosing foods that are low in fats, avoid salt, as well as junk foods such as fried chicken and cakes (Mozaffarian, et al 2011). Furthermore, the choice of safe and hygienic environment is also important. An individual with development disabilities ought to have an organized hygienic schedule. And this involves regular washing of their clothes, and proper feeding habits, clean dental exercises and appropriate toileting habits among others. There should be no use of alcohol and other drug substances for the people with development disabilities. Alcohol, smoking and intake of other dug substances are detrimental to anyone. They can cause addiction which in turn results in serious chronic diseases such as cancer and many more. If any individual is detected to have addiction of any drug substance, all efforts should be made to ensure they stop using it. Regular exercise is also important, such that it keeps the persons healthy, strong and generally active in every aspect of their social lives. These activities could be in form of sit ups on the bed, propelling a wheelchair or running uphill to enhance the physicality of the body. According to (Sigafoos, Arthur, O'Reilly, 2003) , medical problems have been the main cause of the challenging behaviour among the people with development disabilities. This means that, enhancing the health wellbeing of the individuals with these traits helps them live comfortably. The promotion of health involves a variety of activities, which includes regular medical examinations including dental examinations among others; effective measures to enhance the hygiene awareness, promotion of health lifestyles and many more. Regular medical examinations are a necessity for every person, and more so to people with development disabilities through appropriate care. The medical examinations involve carrying regular tests on the prevailing health conditions of the affected persons. It should include dental examinations to determine the health state of the patients teeth and even mental diagnosis to determine their mental state (Lunsky Raina, 2010). In addition, health examinations should be carried out to establish any underlying medical condition that may prove detrimental to the health of the person with the development disabilities. Regular medical examinations are appropriate measure of care for them, because most of the times these group of people have no capacity to look after themselves. The other important factor in health promotion of the individuals with development disabilities is the hygiene skills. As discussed in the first section, roper hygiene is an important part of the healthy lifestyle. Therefore, setting up mechanisms on how to properly teach and develop the culture of good hygiene is a crucial step for the people with development disabilities. In addition, lifestyles matter, and the more the patient gets imparted with appropriate lifestyle practices such as regular exercises and eradication of alcohol and other drugs intakes; the more the improvement of their general health conditions is evident. The control of excessive use of technology may also help in reduction of depression cases (Thomee, Harenstam, Hagberg, 2011). Therefore, it is reasonable for efforts to be put in place in promoting healthy lifestyles for healthier living of the affected people (Ziglio, Currie, Rasmussen, 2004). It is also important to develop a well established way of communicating. For instance, appropriate mechanisms should be put in place to enable the patients communicate their medical needs, and ensure that their needs are appropriately addressed. References Farhud, D. D. (2015). Impact of Lifestyle on Health. Iranian Journal of Public Health , 14421444. Farhud, D. D., Malmir, M., Khanahmadi, M. (2015). Happiness as a healthy life style. Iranian Academy of Medical Science. (In press) . Lunsky, Y., Raina, P. (2010). A comparison study of adults with intellectual disability and psychiatric disorder with and without forensic involvement. Research in Developmental Disabilities , 218-223. Mozaffarian, D., Hao, T., Rimm, E., Willett, W., Hu, F. (2011). Changes in diet and life style and long term weight gain in women men. N Eng Med J , 23922404. Sigafoos, J., Arthur, M., O'Reilly, M. (2003). Part 3, Chapter 5: Health and Medical Screening. In Challenging Behavior and Development Disability (pp. 77-93). Thomee, S., Harenstam, A., Hagberg, M. (2011). Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptom of depression among young adults. BMC Public Health , 6677. Ziglio, E., Currie, C., Rasmussen, V. (2004). The WHO cross-national study of health behavior in school aged children from 35 countries: findings from 20012002. J School Health , 204 206.